高等院校教师

本书是一本英文简明大学物理教材,对力学、电磁学、波动、热学以及近代物理等物理学的基础内容进行了简要的介绍。

本书篇幅相对不长,阅读量适中,内容上偏重基础概念,并且只在少量必要的地方使用了微积分。本书根据学生的高中物理基础对知识点结构进行了优化,既避免了大量重复高中知识,也利用了高中物理基础帮助学生适应英文环境下的学习。

本书适合在大学阶段开始全英文学习的理工科大学生使用,也适合其他需要熟悉英文基础物理的读者阅读。

目录

Contents

前言

Chapter 1

Kinematics1.1Preparations

1.1.1Coordinates,Displacement and Distance

1.1.2Vectors and Scalars

1.2Velocity and Acceleration

1.2.1Velocity

1.2.2Acceleration

1.2.3Graphical Analysis

1.3Motion with Constant Acceleration

1.3.1One-Dimensional Motion

1.3.2Motion under Gravity and Projectile Motion

1.4Frame of Reference

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 2

Newton’s Laws and 

Forces2.1Newtons Laws of Motion

2.2Free-Body Diagram and Forces

2.2.1Free-Body Diagram

2.2.2Normal Force

2.2.3Tension

2.2.4Friction

2.2.5Drag Force

2.3Elasticity

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 3

Work and Energy3.1Work and Kinetic Energy

3.2Gravitational Potential Energy

3.3Potential Energy of Elastic Spring

3.4Conservation of Mechanical Energy

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 4

Momentum and Collisions

4.1Momentum and Impulse

4.1.1Momentum

4.1.2Impulse

4.1.3Impulse and Average Force

4.1.4Conservation of Momentum

4.2Collisions

4.2.1Elastic Collisions 

4.2.2Inelastic Collisions

4.2.3Collisions in Two Dimensions

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 5

Circular Motion and 

Gravity5.1Angular Quantities and Circular Motion

5.2Dynamics in Circular Motion

5.3Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation and Motion of Satellites

5.3.1Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation

5.3.2Motion of Satellites

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 6

Dynamics of Rotation

6.1Dynamics of Rotational Motion

6.2Angular Momentum and Its Conservation

6.2.1Angular Momentum

6.2.2Conservation of Angular Momentum

6.3Static Equilibrium

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 7

Vibrational Motions

7.1Simple Harmonic Motion

7.1.1Describing Simple Harmonic Motion 

7.1.2Simple Pendulum 

7.1.3Energy in Simple Harmonic Oscillator

7.2Damped Harmonic Motion and Forced Vibration

7.2.1Damped Harmonic Motion 

7.2.2Resonance

7.3Superposition of Simple Harmonic Motions

7.3.1Superposition of SHMs at the Same Frequency

7.3.2Beats

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 8

Mechanical Waves

8.1Wave Motion

8.1.1Basic Parameters of Waves

8.1.2Wave Speed 

8.1.3Wave Function  

8.2Superposition of Waves

8.2.1Interference and Standing Waves

8.2.2Huygens Principle*

8.3Doppler Effect

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 9

Wave Optics

9.1The Wave Nature of Light

9.1.1Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves

9.1.2The Index of Refraction,Total Internal Refraction

9.2Interference and Diffraction

9.2.1Interference Between Waves

9.2.2Double-Slit Interference

9.2.3Single-Slit Diffraction

9.2.4Circular Aperture and Resolution Ability

9.2.5Diffraction Grating

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 10

Introduction to Quantum Physics

10.1Quantization of Light

10.1.1Black body Radiation

10.1.2Plancks Quantum Theory

10.1.3Photon Model and Photoelectric Effect

10.2Atomic Models

10.2.1The Bohrs Model

10.2.2Spectrum of Hydrogen

10.3Matter Wave and Wave-Particle Duality

10.3.1De Broglies Wave

10.3.2Wave-Particle Duality and Wave Function

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 11Electric Field

11.1Electrostatic Field

11.2Electric Potential

11.3Conductors and Insulators

11.3.1Conductors in Equilibrium

11.3.2Dielectrics

Problems and Exercises

Chapter 12

DC Circuits12.1Resistors

12.1.1Resistance of a Conductor

12.1.2Resistors in Circuits

12.2Battery

12.3Kirchhoffs Rules

Problems and ExercisesChapter 13

Capacitors13.1Capacitors in DC Circuits

13.1.1Capacitance

13.1.2Energy Stored in Capacitors  

13.2RC Circuits

13.2.1Charging through RC Circuits

13.2.2Discharging

Problems and ExercisesChapter 14

Magnetism14.1Magnetic Field and Magnetic Force

14.1.1Magnets and Magnetic Field

14.1.2Magnetic Force on Moving Charges

14.1.3Magnetic Force on Electric Current14.1.4Hall Effect

14.2Magnetic Field Due to Current-Carrying Wire

14.3Materials in Magnetic Field and Ferromagnetism

14.3.1Paramagnetic Materials and Diamagnetic 

Materials

14.3.2Ferromagnetic Materials

Problems and ExercisesChapter 15

Electromagnetic 

Induction15.1Induced EMF

15.1.1Faradays Law of Induction,Lenzs 

Law

15.1.2Flux Cutting

15.1.3Flux Linking

15.2Eddy Currents,Electric Generator,Back EMF 

and Transformers

15.2.1Eddy Currents

15.2.2Electric Generator and Back EMF

15.2.3Transformers 

15.3Inductance

15.3.1Self-Inductance and Inductor

15.3.2L-R Circuit and the Energy in an 

Inductor

Problems and ExercisesChapter 16

AC Circuits16.1AC Voltage and Current

16.2Reactance

16.2.1Capacitive Reactance 

16.2.2Inductive Reactance 

16.2.3Power in Capacitor and Inductor

16.3RLC Circuits and Impedance

16.3.1Phasor 

16.3.2Impedance in AC Circuits 

16.3.3Resonance and Power in RLC Circuits

16.3.4Capacitor and Inductor in Parallel*

16.4Electromagnetics Wave,Production and 

Reception

16.4.1Maxwells Equations*16.4.2Antennas*

Problems and ExercisesChapter 17

Temperature and Heat17.1Temperature and Matter

17.1.1Introduction to Temperature

17.1.2States of Matter,Phase Change,and 

Phase Diagram

17.1.3Heat Capacity

17.1.4Thermal Expansion

17.2Heat Flow

17.3Ideal Gas 

17.3.1The Ideal Gas Law 

17.3.2Molecular Interpretation of 

Temperature

17.3.3Internal Energy

Problems and ExercisesChapter 18

Laws of 

Thermodynamics18.1The First Law of Thermodynamics

18.2Thermodynamics Processes for Ideal Gases

18.2.1Isochoric,Isobaric and Isothermal 

Processes

18.2.2Adiabatic Process

18.3Cyclic Processes and Applications

18.3.1Cyclic Processes

18.3.2Heat Engine,Heat Pump and Cold 

Pump

18.4The Second Law of Thermodynamics

18.4.1Direction of Thermodynamic 

Processes

18.4.2Carnot Cycle and the Maximum 

Efficiency of Heat Engines

18.4.3Entropy*

Problems and ExercisesReferences