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柏拉图蒂迈欧译注(英语希腊语)(精)/CLASSICS系列/寰宇文献
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  • ISBN:
    9787542678249
  • 作      者:
    责编:吴慧|译者:(英)弗朗西斯·麦克唐纳·康福德
  • 出 版 社 :
    上海三联书店
  • 出版日期:
    2022-09-01
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内容介绍
《蒂迈欧》为柏拉图的晚期著作,是柏拉图思想的一篇重要文献。本篇对话提出了两个重要的概念:作为事物材料来源的载体,以及为事物提供形式结构的理型。柏拉图运用几何化的理型来解释万事万物的结构,并认为事物的内在结构是事物的本质。在第一部分中,柏拉图讨论了造物者的作用,在第二部分中,他指出宇宙生成是必然作用和理性作用的结果。必然作用即是载体概念和理型几何化的过程,而理性的承载者,即人类的生成,是理性“说服”了必然而产生的结果。因此,人的出现意味着宇宙演化的最终实现,造物者在自己的创造物中实现了自身:宇宙本身就是活生生的神自身。
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目录
PREFACE
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION
THE TIMAEUS
INTRODUCTORY CONVERSATION
THE DISCOURSE OF TIMAEUS
PRELUDE. The nature and scope of Physics
(1) Being and Becoming
(2) The Cause of Becoming
(3) Model and copy
Physics only a 'likely story
I. THE WORKS OF REASON
The motive of creation
The Demiurge
The creator's model
The intelligible Living Creature
One world, not many
The Body of the World
Why this consists of four primary bodies
The world's body contains the whole of all the four
primary bodies
It is a sphere, without organs or limbs, rotating on
its axis
The World-Soul
Summary. Transition to the World-Soul
Soul is prior to body
Composition of the World-Soul
Division of the World-Soul into harmonic intervals
Construction of the circles of the Same and the
Different and the planetary circles
The world's body fitted to its soul
Discourse in the World-Soul
Time, the moving likeness of Eternity
The Planets as instruments of Time
The four kinds of living creature. The heavenly gods
Rotation of the Earth
The further movements of the heavenly bodies are
too complicated for description here
Table of Celestial motions
The Human Soul and Body
The traditional gods
The address to the gods
The composition of human souls. The Laws of
Destiny
Human souls sown in Earth and the planets
The condition of the soul when newly incarnated
Structure of the human body: head and limbs
The eyes and the mechanism of vision
Mirror images
Accessory causes contrasted with the purpose of sight
and hearing
II. WHAT COMES ABOUT OF NECESSITY
Necessity. The Errant Cause
Reason and Necessity
The Receptacle of Becoming
Fire, Air, etc., are names of qualities, not of substances
The Receptacle compared to a mass of plastic material
The Receptacle has no qualities of its own
Ideal models of Fire, Air, Water, Earth
Summary description of the three factors : Form
Copy, and Space as the Receptacle
Description of Chaos
Construction of the figures of the four primary bodies
Might there be five worlds?
Assignment of the regular figures to the four primary
bodies
Transformation of the primary bodies
Each primary body exists in various grades of size
Motion and Rest
Varieties and compounds of the primary bodies
Water, liquid and fusible : melting and cooling of the
fusible
Some varieties of the fusible type (metals) : gold
adamant, copper
Solidification of ffuids : water, hail, ice, snow, hoarfrost
Some varieties of the liquid type : juices
Varieties and compounds of earth : stone and earthen
ware, soda and salt ; glass and wax suu
Tactile qualities, as they appear to sensation and
perception
Pleasure and Pain
Tastes
Odours
Sounds
Colours
Conclusion
III. THE CO-OPERATION OF REASON AND NECESSITY
Recapitulation. Addition of the mortal parts of Soul
The bodily seats of the two mortal parts of the soul
Two groups of organs corresponding to the two mortal
parts of the soul
The Spirited part situated in the heart. The lungs
The Appetitive part situated in the belly. The liver
and the spleen
Summary and transition to the rest of the body
The main structure of the human frame
The marrow, seed, and brain
Bone, flesh, sinews
The uneven distribution of flesh
Skin, hair, nails
Plants
The two
Irrigation system to convey nourishment
principal veins
Respiration as the driving power of the irrigation
system L
Respiration maintained by the circular thrust
Digression. Other phenomena explained by the
circular thrust
Concord of musical sounds
How blood is formed by digestion and conveyed
through the veins. Growth and decay. Natural
death
Hydraulics of the irrigation system
Diseases of the body
(1) Diseases due to excess or defect or misplacement
of
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