牛津英文经典（Oxford World's Classics）为牛津大学出版社百年积淀的精品书系，译林出版社原版引进。除牛津品牌保证的quanwei原著版本之外，每册书附含名家导读、作家简介及年表、词汇解析、文本注释、背景知识拓展、同步阅读导引、版本信息等，特别适合作为大学生和学有余力的中学生英语学习的必读材料。导读者包括牛津和剑桥大学的资深教授和知名学者。整套书选目精良，便携易读，实为亲近世界名著的经典读本。
易卜生是19世纪挪威著名戏剧大师、诗人，是现实主义文学代表人物之一、欧洲近代戏剧的奠基人。本书收录了易卜生负有盛名的四部戏剧：《玩偶之家》《群鬼》《海达•加布勒》《建筑大师》。它们立足生活实际，从多方面剖析社会问题，揭露和批判的锋芒直指资产阶级社会的种种弊端，触及到法律、宗教、道德乃至国家、政党、体制等各个领域，是阅读、理解易卜生戏剧的重要资料。
本书收录易卜生负有盛名的四部戏剧：《玩偶之家》《群鬼》《海达•加布勒》《建筑大师》。《玩偶之家》1879年在斯堪的纳维亚首演时即引起了轰动。在该剧以及随后的《群鬼》中，易卜生揭露了一个自以为义的伪善社会中一些未经检验的观点；作者清晰地描绘了女主人公们对社会的观察，以及她们所处的地位，即使在今天作者认识之深刻依然令人惊讶。《海达•加布勒》与《建筑大师》将焦点从社会给女性施加的压力，转向人企图控制他人时，对他人施加的压力。正如一位当代评论家所说，海达•加布勒是“一个不择手段的野心家”；她是一个有缺陷的理想主义者，在个人困境中痛苦挣扎。
Ghosts
[Gengangere]
A DOMESTIC DRAMA IN THREE ACTS
(1881)
Translated by James McFarlane
CHARACTERS
MRS. HELENE ALVING, widow of Captain (and Chamberlain) Alving
OSWALD ALVING, her son, an artist
PASTOR MANDERS
JACOB ENGSTRAND, a carpenter
REGINE ENGSTRAND, in service with Mrs. Alving
The action takes place on Mrs. Alving’s country estate by one of the large fjords of Western Norway
ACT ONE
A spacious garden room, with one door on the left wall, and two on the right. In the centre of the room stands a round table, with chairs around it; books, periodicals, and newspapers are lying on the table. Downstage, left, is a window, and near it a small sofa with a work-table in front of it. The room is continued at the back of the stage into an open and rather narrower conservatory, the walls of which are extensively glazed. In the right wall of the conservatory is a door that leads out into the garden. Through the glass wall may be glimpsed a gloomy fjord landscape, shrouded in steady rain.
JOCAB ENGSTRAND is standing beside the door into the garden. His left leg is somewhat deformed, and he wears a boot with a built-up wooden sole. REGINE, with an empty garden syringe in her hand, is trying to prevent him coming any further.
REGINE [keeping her voice low]. What do you want? Stay where you are. You are dripping wet.
ENGSTRAND. It’s God’s own rain, my child.
REGINE. More like the devil’s, you mean.
ENGSTRAND. Lord, the things you say, Regine. [Takes a few limping steps into the room.] But what I wanted to tell you was…
REGINE. Stop clumping about with that foot, man! The young master’s upstairs asleep.
ENGSTRAND. Asleep? At this time of day?
REGINE. That’s got nothing to do with you.
ENGSTRAND. I was out having a few drinks last night….
REGINE. That I can well believe.
ENGSTRAND. Well, we are frail creatures, all of us, my child…
REGINE. We are that.
ENGSTRAND. … and many are the temptations of this world, you know… but still, there was I up and at work at half-past five this morning.
REGINE. Yes, yes, but off you go now. I’m not standing for having rendez-vous’s here with you.
ENGSTRAND. Having what, did you say?
REGINE. I’m not going to have anybody finding you here. So, away you go.
ENGSTRAND [comes a few steps closer]. I’m damned if I’m going before I’ve had a word with you. I’ll have that work down at the school-house finished by this afternoon, and I’m taking the night boat home, back to town.
REGINE [mutters]. Pleasant journey!
ENGSTRAND. Thank you, my child. You see tomorrow, the Orphanage is being opened, and I expect there’ll be a lot of drinking and such like going on. And nobody’s going to say about Jacob Engstrand that he can’t resist temptation when it comes along.
REGINE. Huh!
ENGSTRAND. There’ll be a lot of posh people tomorrow. And they are expecting Pastor Manders from town as well.
REGINE. He’ll be here today.
ENGSTRAND. There you are, you see. Got to be damned careful I don’t put my foot in it with him, you know.
REGINE. Aha! So that’s it!
ENGSTRAND. So what’s it?
REGINE [looks hard at him]. What are you going to try and talk him into this time?
ENGSTRAND. Sh! Are you crazy? Me talk Pastor Manders into anything? Oh no, Pastor Manders has been far too food to me for that. But look, what I really wanted to talk to you about was me going back home again tonight.
REGINE. The sooner the better, as far as I’m concerned.
ENGSTRAND. Yes, but I want you to come with me, Regine.
REGINE [open-mouthed]. You want me to…. What did you say?
ENGSTRAND. I said I want you to come home with me.
Introduction
Select Bibliography
Chronology of Henrik Ibsen
A Doll’s House
Ghosts
Hedda Gabler
The Master Builder
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易卜生戏剧敢于面对真实的人生，他的戏剧具有很大的启蒙社会的思想意义。易卜生主义代表我的人生观，代表我的宗教。
—— 胡适
易卜生这个名儿，萦绕于青年的胸中，传述于青年的口头，不亚于今日之下的马克思和列宁。
——茅盾
外国剧作家对我的影响较多的，头一个是易卜生。我为他的剧作谨严的结构，朴素而精练的语言，以及他对资本主义社会现实所发出的锐利的疑问所吸引。
——曹禺
《玩偶之家》影响了中国当时的妇女解放运动。
——梁文道